A review of recent study on the characteristics and applications of pebble flows in nuclear engineering

This paper reviews the recent three-year progress on investigations of pebble bed flows in nuclear engineering. Both application beds fission reactors and fusion are included. The fundamental characteristics packing, flows, conduction, convection, radiation, effective thermal conductivity reviewed. important issues design as well that related to reactor safety also introduced. In addition, advances measurement techniques numerical coupled methods for exploring flow categorized summarized too.